冠词

a

1. 泛指一类人、事、物 Tom is a student. (not a teacher) 翻译作“一个”

2. 某人、某物（不具体说明何人何物）A girl is looking for Lucy. He works in a factory.

3. 首次提到

4. “一”，数的概念没有”one”强烈。

5. 单位、价格、速度、比率： “per”, “every”

6. a heavy snow: 一场大雪； a great kindness: 一次大忙

7. 抽象名词具体化：a success, a failure, a pleasure,

8. 物质名词量化：a water, an orange, a coffee

9. a Mr. Smith; Shanghai is a New York of China. 相当于 “the same”

10. have a cold; take a look; have a look, take/have a walk; keep a diary; in a hurry, once in a while; do sb a favor; once upon a time; all of a sudden; tell a lie; at a distance; make a living

the

1.       上文提到的,或者双方所默认的特指的。

2.       限制性修饰语在其后限制：show me the photo of the boy; The book on the desk;

3.       在可数名词单数前加“the”表示一类人或者事物。The American farmer; The telephone is a most useful invention in human history.

4.       世界上独一无二的东西 the university, the sky

5.       序数词；形容词最高级

6.       the+形容词或者分词：表示一类人：the dead/ poor/ blind/ young/ old/ Chinese/ American

7.       the 1980s; the 1980’s; the 20^th century; the year2020;

8.       the spring festival; the mid-Autumn festival; (Day 组成的不加the: Christmas Day, May Day)

9.       西洋乐器（中国乐器和音乐前不加the: play Erhu, play music, play jazz）

10.   on the whole, the next morning, in the end, on the right, go to the cinema, go to the doctor’s the other day, out of the question

零冠词

1.       地名，国家，州名。

2.       抽象名词、物质名词：love, glass, water, air, paper, money, bread, music

3.       复数名词表示一类人或者事物，泛指数量不定的人或者事物

Bicycles are still very useful nowadays.

Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts.

Computers are very popular with all kinds of people.

4.       表语、补语、同位语表示职位、头衔：he turned writer; his brother turned teacher; elect him director of our department;

5.       Shortest as he is, child as he is

6.       不可数名词：information, fun, weather, progress, advice, news, space, word(news)

冠词位置

1. 一般在名词或者形容词前面

2. Quite, many, such, what, all, both 之后

3. So, as, too, how, however+ 形容词+ a/an 单数可数

4. Half, rather 前后都可以

三要素：

可数、不可数

单数、复数

特指、泛指

判断技巧

翻译法（准确理解句子意思）

 a 一个、一种、某一个、任意一个

 the 这个、那个、这些、那些

练习：

1. The wilsons live in ____ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17^th century cottage.

A. the; /    B. an; the    C. /; the    D. an; a

2. --- I knocked over my coffer cup. It went right over _____ keyboard.

  --- You shouldn’t put drinks near _____ computer.

A. the; /     B. the; a    C. a; /      D. a; a

3. _____ ongoing division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _______ major concern of the country.

A. The; /      B. The; a      C. An; the      D. An; /

4. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off_______.

A. a price       B. price        C. the price        D. prices

5. It is often said that ______ teachers have ______ very easy life.

A. /; /       B. /; a       C. the; /         D. the; a

6. The warmth of ____ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _____ wool used.

A. the; the      B. the; /       C. /; the        D. /; /

7. ----- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?

  ----- Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t _____ Mr. Smith here.

A. /      B. a      C. the       D. one

8. _______ recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S. would be higher than the number of English speakers by _______ year 2090.

A. A; the        B. A; /        C. The; /         D. The; a

9. Tom owns _____ larger collection of ______ books than any other students in our class.

A. the; /       B. a; /         C. a; the        D. /; the

10. It is _______ world of wonders, ________ world where anything can happen.

A. a; the       B. a; a         C. the; a       D. /; /